In 2024, Japanese oil refineries have continued supplying ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), which is made from approximately 824 million liters of bioethanol and reflects the annual target volume set by the Government of Japan (GOJ). The GOJ has recently proposed to commercially introduce E10 gasoline by 2030. The future scaling of domestic sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production, including alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) SAF, is Japan’s primary focus for increasing biofuel consumption. To remove operational uncertainties for the private sector, the GOJ is currently developing a separate SAF target volume prior to it being commercially available at scale. Currently, there is no market for biodiesel or renewable diesel due to limited domestic feedstock availability.